Uganda like many of the developing countries is faced by a number of human resource challenges. An analysis of the Human Resources for Health (HRH) situation reveals a crisis in the country characterized by a critical shortage of health workers with nearly 50% of the districts operating below 50% of the approved staffing establishment. According to the WHO recommended levels of 1:439 a health worker per population ratio, Uganda is three times below the standard at 1:1818 (HRH Strategic plan 2015/2020). The HRH Strategic plan 2015/2020 reports that scarce HRH is further constrained by gross mal distribution with about 71% of the doctors and 41% of the nurses and midwives located in the urban areas where only 13% of the population lives. Staff productivity is low, in most of the health facilities health workers come late and leave early: absenteeism rates range between 47 and 50%.
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